The Malaise Trap: Its Utility and Potential for Sampling Insect Populations

Slightly over three decades have elapsed since Malaise (1937) first published plans for the insect trap now bearing his name a stationary mesh tent with open sides, a central baffle, and a top-mounted collecting apparatus (Fig. 1). A non-attractant device, the Malaise trap is based upon the observation that most flying insects hitting an obstacle respond by flying (or crawling) upward (and thus into captivity). In recent years, the Malaise trap has become increasingly popular among insect taxonomists and collectors as a means of augmenting catch and collecting rare or ephemeral representatives. Many variations have been developed (e.g., Townes, 1962; Gressitt and Gressitt, 1962; Marston, 1965; Chanter, 1965; Butler, 1965), most aimed at making the trap more portable and/or efficient for collecting a particular insect group. To date, however, the Malaise trap has received little notice among other biologists, although it would appear to have considerable potential in almost any field study involving flying insects, and particularly in ecological investigations

Space shuttle: Heat transfer rate measurements on Convair booster (B-15B-2) at nominal Mach number of 8

Plotted and tabulated data on heat transfer from a thin-skin thermocouple are presented. The data is representative of the reentry event of the booster alone configuration. The data were generated during wind tunnel tests of the B-15B-2 delta wing booster at Mach 8. Thermocouple measurements are reduced to heat transfer coefficient ratio and the data are presented as plotted variations versus longitudinal, lateral, and vertical local model positions

Ascent heat transfer rate distribution on the North American Rockwell delta wing orbiter and the General Dynamics/Convair booster at a Mach number of 8 (mated)

A wind tunnel test program to determine aerodynamic interference heating on the North American Rockwell orbiter mated with the General Dynamics Convair booster is discussed. The tests were conducted at the Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC) in Tunnel B of the von Karman Gas Dynamics Facility (VKF). The test period was June 1971. Heat-transfer rates were determined by the phase-change paint technique on 0.013-scale Stycast models using Tempilaq as the surface temperature indicator. The nominal test conditions were: Mach 8, free-stream unit length Reynolds numbers of 1.25 x one million and 2.55 x one million angles of attack of -5, 0, +5 deg. Model details, test conditions, phase-change paint photographs and reduced heat-transfer coefficients are presented

Space shuttle: Heat transfer rate measurements on Convair booster (B-15B-2) and North American Rockwell orbiter (161B) at nominal Mach number of 8

Plotted and tabulated data from the thin-skin thermocouple phase of an experimental test program are presented. These data are representative of three events of simulated flight and are described as booster-orbiter ascent heating data, booster reentry heating data, and orbiter reentry heating data. The test was conducted in a 50-inch hypersonic tunnel b at a nominal Mach number of 8 and free-stream Reynolds number range of 700,000 to 3,700,000 per foot. The model employed was a 0.009 scale replica of the Convair B-15B-2 booster and North American Rockwell 161B orbiter

Heat transfer test of the McDonnell-Douglas delta wing orbiter and the -17A booster (not mated) at Mach number 8, volume 2

For abstract, see

Heat transfer investigation of Langley Research Center transition models at a Mach number of 8, volume 2

The results are presented of a wind tunnel test program to determine aerodynamic heat transfer distributions on delta body and straight body transition models of the space shuttle. Heat transfer rates were determined by the phase-change paint technique on Stycast and RTV models using Tempilag as the surface temperature indicator. The nominal test conditions were: Mach 8, length Reynolds numbers of 5 million and 7.4 million, and angles of attack of 20, 40, and 60 deg. Model details, test conditions, and reduced heat transfer data are included. Data reduction of the phase-change paint photographs was performed by utilizing a new technique

Making it in academic psychology: Demographic and personality correlates of eminence

Citations to published work, personality, and demographic characteristics were examined in a sample of male and female academic psychologists. A large sex difference was found in citations with men receiving significantly more recognition. Reputational rankings of graduate school and current institution were significantly related to citations, as were components of achievement motivation. Mastery and work needs were positively related to citations while competitiveness was negatively associated with the criterion. A model of attainment in psychology is proposed and possible explanations for the differential recognition of women are explored